Which step involves developing an understanding of the operational environment (OE) and HHQ guidance?

The step that involves developing an understanding of the operational environment (OE) and higher headquarters (HHQ) guidance is the mission analysis phase. During mission analysis, planners examine the operational environment to identify key factors such as terrain, weather, enemy capabilities, and friendly forces. Understanding these elements is critical as they shape the planning process and inform decisions throughout the operation.

Additionally, in this phase, planners review higher headquarters guidance to ensure that their understanding aligns with the overarching strategic objectives and directives. This alignment is crucial for ensuring that the planned operations effectively support strategic goals and appropriate responses to the operational environment.

By focusing on both the OE and HHQ guidance, mission analysis sets the foundation for subsequent steps, enabling planners to develop relevant courses of action that are aligned with the operational context and command intent.