What type of operations are executed in the "Shape" phase to deter adversaries?

The "Shape" phase of operations is primarily focused on influencing the operational environment and deterring adversaries. Joint and multinational operations play a critical role in this phase as they demonstrate the commitment and capabilities of forces to the international community, thereby sending a strong signal to potential adversaries. By operating with allies and partners, these operations create a unified front and enhance deterrence through increased visibility and presence.

When multiple nations collaborate in joint operations, they can effectively leverage their collective strengths, share intelligence, and present a united military stance. This cooperation not only strengthens alliances but also helps in shaping perceptions and behaviors of adversaries, as they understand that any aggressive actions could provoke a coordinated response from multiple nations. This aspect of joint and multinational operations is crucial in establishing a deterrent effect before any conflict arises.

In contrast, other operation types mentioned do not serve the same purpose in the "Shape" phase. Humanitarian operations, while essential for providing aid and support, do not inherently deter adversaries. Combat operations are more aggressive and focused on defeating an enemy rather than shaping their behavior. Counterinsurgency operations are typically conducted in response to ongoing insurgent activity and are not primarily aimed at deterrence but rather at securing stability in a specific area.